Take on summer fishing with these catfish tips and learn how to prepare catfish and how to cook catfish fillets with three hardy recipes.
Ever shuffled out of the house at four a.m. with a fishing pole over your shoulder? Nearly every country boy can remember at least one daybreak of rounding up cheese, angleworms, night crawlers, dough balls, or chicken parts and running off for some good catfishin’.
Matter of fact, many of those boys don’t quit when they grow up. Take me, for instance. Though I greatly enjoy the sporting aspects of wetting a line, I’m also a staunch “meat” fisherman. That is, I like to pursue a quarry that I can appreciate on the table which is why I’m such an avid fan of catfish. The critters are common and widespread, bite when other fish won’t, reach super sizes and, above all, are incredibly tasty. My family of three here in Maryland enjoys this whiskered delight at least once a month, and–since catfish are available to most folks–their nutritional goodness can become an important part of anyone’s diet.
Like to try catfishing? Get up bright and early one morning and head for the nearest river, lake, or farm pond. Nighttime will also produce good results. In fact, “cats” can be caught quite readily at all times of the day, at all water temperatures and depths. The best time to plan your expedition, however, is after a heavy rain especially in the spring. When other fair-weather fish are sluggish and temperamental, the hungry catfish forage about in the freshly rejuvenated waters.
If you fish regularly, you probably have a favorite spot. If not, just ask some of the local old-timers. Though angling stories are famed for their dishonesty, there’s generally some darn good tips in them somewhere!
Catching Catfish Tips
I prefer an old-fashioned bait-casting rod and reel but almost any type of arrangement–from Grandma’s cane pole to a fancy spinning rig–will catch a catfish. Use a small-to-medium-sized hook and a sinker that’s heavy enough to keep your bait on the bottom, in cat territory. The weight needed to do this will vary depending on water conditions.
Most conceivable baits will entice these tasty critters, but garden worms are the old standby (Just don’t take too many out of the vegetable patch!). Cast a generous bait to the bottom, and wait for the slow, deliberate tugging which signals that a catfish is biting. Above all, be patient!
If the water you’ve chosen to fish is muddy, sluggish or still, you’re very likely to catch a bullhead (a member of the catfish family that grows to no more than 20 inches long and 4-1/2 pounds in weight). All of the three common color phases of the bullhead–black, brown, and yellow–have pink meat that’s sweet and fine. Faster, clearer water will generally turn up nice channel and blue cats (especially from that little pool beneath a steady current where natural nutrients abound). The variety really doesn’t matter, however, because all catfish are readily distinguishable from other fish (by the “whiskers” or barbs that grow out of their upper jaws, and the skin–instead of scales–on their bodies) and all are among the finest eating anywhere.
Once you’ve landed your eatin’-size fish (eight inches and up), you’re faced with the procedure of dressing him out. No problem. First, grip the critter so that his three protruding fin spines are firmly extended between your fingers. Beware of those spikes they can easily inflict a painful, long-lasting wound! Next–with a sharp knife–cut a shallow ring about the fish’s neck, immediately behind the gill openings.
Since all catfish are scaleless they must be completely skinned but the operation is actually pretty easy. Grasp the edge of your incision with a handy pair of pliers and simply peel the skin down banana style. Then remove the head, fins, tail and entrails so that you’re left with a large piece of meat that is ready to be washed, cooked and eaten. (Incidentally, the above system works for other scaleless fish and rattlesnakes!)
How will you cook your catfish? There are probably about a million ways, all of ’em good, so I’ll just give three popular methods of preparation that my family likes.
How to Prepare Catfish for Smoking
- Skin any size “cat” and remove its entrails.
- Make a brine solution of 1 pound salt to each gallon of water and immerse the meat in the liquid overnight.
- Place the catfish in dry salt for 1-3 hours. Then wash it thoroughly.
- Dry the fish outdoors for 1-3 hours.
- Hang the meat securely in a smoker so that the pieces don’t touch and aren’t overcrowded.
- Stack wood at the entrance of the smoker tunnel and start a small, steady fire. Ideal fuels are seasoned maple, birch, oak, hickory, sweet bay, river mangrove, palmetto roots, buttonwood, orange, cypress, and apple . . . or corncobs or coconut husks(!).
- When the fire is smoldering steadily–not blazing–close the smoker door. The desired smudgy combustion can be maintained by dousing the coals regularly with sawdust, etc.
- After a few hours of hot-smoking (100-150° F), your fish is ready to be eaten or kept for up to–roughly–four weeks, depending on how long it was cured.
- Wrap the meat in paper and store it in wooden boxes in a cool, dry place.
The simplest smoker I know is merely a worn-out or discarded refrigerator with a few minor alterations. First remove the guts of the machine and knock a fist-sized or larger hole in the cabinet’s floor. Second, drill 6-10 one-inch holes in each side and in the door, about three-quarters of the way up. Then put one more hole in the top and–when the results of a smoldering fire are introduced through the opening in the cabinet’s bottom–you have an effective smokehouse. The racks may be retained for hanging your fish. I’ve sampled bullhead prepared in this homemade wonder and it was truly delicious.
Catfish Stew Recipe
- 6 small catfish, cleaned
- 1 pint milk
- 2 tablespoons butter
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- pepper to taste
Boil your “cats” until their flesh can be separated from the bones. Then dice the meat and put the pieces in a saucepan with the other ingredients. Heat the rich brew and serve.
This is a general recipe. Any combination of vegetables and herbs may prove tasty with the basic mixture.
Fried Catfish Recipe
- cleaned catfish
- enough egg, beaten, to coat above
- mixture of cornmeal and flour
- oil or shortening
- salt and pepper to taste
Dip the fish in the raw beaten egg, then roll the chunks of meat in the cornmeal-flour mixture. Drop the prepared piece in a pan of hot oil and jump back. Brown them quickly on both sides and serve. Absolutely delicious!
Originally published as “Country Catfish: Chicken of the Channel” in the March/April 1973 issue of MOTHER EARTH NEWS magazine and regularly vetted for accuracy.
