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Self-reliance and sustainability in the 21st century.

Monarchs Are On the Move

MonarchsBP

 

Migrating populations of monarch butterflies are predicted to be on the low side this year, but that doesn't mean you won't notice them. If you look up in the sky late in the afternoon during the next few weeks, chances are good that you will see determined monarch butterflies flitting toward Mexico.

Butterfly watchers in the upper Midwest are already seeing roosts in which dozens of monarchs gather in a single bush or tree for the night. Here in southwest Virginia, a continuous stream of monarchs are stopping to sip nectar from the native asters and zinnias I planted just for them.

Want to track this year's migration and report sightings? The animated migration map, based on the citizen reporting system hosted by JourneyNorth.org, provides great graphics. Or, you can participate in the forum for sightings sponsored by MonarchWatch.org.

Sometimes it may look like monarchs are flying in the wrong direction, but don't worry. Recent scientific papers by neurobiologist Steven R. Reppert have identified a sophisticated inner clock mechanism that enables monarchs to constantly reorient themselves, insuring that they stay on a sound migratory course.


Photo by Barbara Pleasant

Spiders in Your Bathtub?

WritingSpider

 

You don't have to be a gardener to encounter big spiders this time of year, because they're everywhere you look, including inside your house. Your bathtub may seem to be a favorite hangout, but more likely your tub's surface is so slick that spiders who venture in cannot get out. 

We acknowledge that the spiders in the shower scene from Arachnophobia appear to climb out of the tub and up the shower curtain, but those were not your average spiders. The movie star arachnids were a large yet gentle species from New Zealand.

It's okay to kill spiders that come into your house. Most are wandering males whose days are numbered anyway. Or, you can catch and release them. Cover the spider with a jar, slip a stout piece of paper or card under the opening, and head for the door. If you are one of the millions of people who panic over indoor spiders, you may want to look into a special vacuum just for bugs. Better yet, get your kid a Turbo Bug Vacuum and let them do the dirty work.

As for those big orb-weaving spiders on your deck, don't be too quick to sweep them away. One of the reasons why black-and-yellow writing spiders (above left) prefer porches is that they offer shelter for the tough cocoons. Eggs hatch in late fall (at about the time the mother dies), but remain in the cocoon until spring.

OrbWeaverDon't worry that allowing common web-weavers like the yellow jacket-eating marbled orb weaver (at right) hang out beneath your eaves now will lead to spider overload in the spring. More likely, the spiderlings will throw out a bit of web that works like an air balloon, providing a lofty ride to better habitat, like your garden. Carnivorous to the core, spiders eat countless pest insects.

Photos by Barbara Pleasant

Related Reading

Learning to Like Spiders 

Spiders in Your Backyard Jungle

 

 

The Gardener as Magus

 

Magic Garden

Tim Posey lived in a former barracks bought surplus from the U.S. Army at Fort Bliss, Texas, and moved a few miles into the dusty, unpaved village of Anapra, New Mexico in the late 1950s. Most of Tim’s 10 acres was devoted to his business – the Posey Trailer Park. But at the center of his property, surrounded by the trailers and the sand hills, Tim Posey’s homestead teemed with life. Milk goats bleated under a shed. Chickens scratched in the shade. Miraculously, two dozen kinds of vegetables sprung in abundance from the sand behind the horse stable. Past middle-aged, heavy and stiff with arthritis, Tim spent most of his time on a kitchen chair under one or another of the awnings he had built against his barns. He watched the animals, sharpened his tools and visited with his tenants when they stopped by. I remember him in dark sunglasses. I almost never saw him indoors.

I was 9 when Mr. Posey “hired” me. I lived a quarter-mile away with my family. The livestock and the garden drew me like magnets. Once I was certain he wouldn’t chase me off, I started spending nearly every spare moment there. He asked me if I wanted to learn how to milk the goats. Then he asked me if I was willing to do it every day. He paid me in produce, eggs and goat’s milk. My dad paid me cash for the food. It was my first job, and I loved it.

There are places on the continent more barren than the Chihuahuan desert, but not many. Creosote and mesquite bushes dot the sand hills. Most of the plants have spines or thorns. We called the surrounding landscape hills, but they were more like dunes. If you leave a junked car on the downwind side of a hill there, it will disappear under the sand in a few years or a few months, depending on the weather.

Mr. Posey boarded horses. He raised chickens, guineas, milk goats and honeybees.

I don’t know how long he had been moving manure from the chicken pens and horse corrals into the vegetable garden, but he had created a marvel there. Watermelons grew huge and dark green in the tangles of vines. On the ground between the rows of corn was a kind of moist wonderland of dappled light buzzing with insects.

It’s hard to describe the emotional impact of encountering all that life in the context of our garbage-strewn village in the middle of the desert. One person had taken a small piece of land, raked out the broken glass and old bleach bottles, added manure and created a small, earthly paradise. It captured my heart.

I helped Mr. Posey mix a potent fertilizer from chicken manure and water, a slurry that could be mixed with the irrigation water he pumped into the garden. I gathered the eggs. I milked the goats. I don’t remember many sweeter moments, in my life, than walking from my home to the goat pens in the cool early morning, smelling the creosote bushes, then the goats, then the sugary aroma of cracked corn and the warm, delicious odor of new milk. Sometimes we let the goats out into the open desert where they browsed blue gramma grass, mesquite beans and acacia leaves. I loved watching them shop among the plants for those they found most appetizing. The technical term for the way a goat eats is “browsing,” and it’s a perfectly accurate description. They are like shoppers in a supermarket, and even in the desert they seemed to find plenty of goods. While the goats were out of their pen and the gate left open, the chickens and guinea hens moved in and, scratching and clucking, found a feast of their own. I could never tell exactly what they were eating. They probably found scraps of grain and alfalfa, maybe tiny insects attracted by the animals and the manure.

From the chicken pen to the garden to the watermelon; from the mesquite beans to the goat’s udder to my breakfast cereal, I became an eye-witness to an alchemy that struck me then – and strikes me now – as magical.

I thought of Tim Posey as a sort of magician, a magus whose rituals of feed, fertilizer and irrigation catalyzed mystical transformations. I wanted to learn how to practice that magic.

The Limits of Conservation

bigbend canyon

We could take this philosophically, I suppose. A few decades or a few centuries after we disappear there will be a healthy planet here. Or we can see it fatalistically. The damage we are doing is part of a natural process. Our awareness doesn’t change that essential fact. We can even salve our guilty consciences by resorting to the geologic perspective. Eventually this planet will suffer some sterilizing galactic calamity. Scientists tell us our sun will, eventually, burn out.

But it’s not our nature to sit around complacently waiting for the asteroid, not while we have this miraculous opportunity to preserve and enhance our planet. Just as we once visualized the first irrigated field, invented the first wheel and dreamed of machines that fly, we can visualize the earth as a beautiful and productive garden where millions of species thrive. Then we can build it.

Unfortunately, it seems to me that we, as a species, are training our attention on the middle of the decreasing-circumference curve in which we find ourselves. We are not visualizing the successful outcome – a healthy planet. Conservation has captured the human imagination lately and some great new inventions have come from this new fascination – the gas-electric hybrid engine; photovoltaic solar energy, wind-powered electric turbines, the hydrogen fuel cell. This is cool stuff. But it’s stopgap stuff.

The best product of our fascination with conservation is that it has captured people’s imaginations. And it’s the key component in a new human philosophy that values other living things. If we consume less, we leave more room for our biological neighbors. That’s a great thing.

On the other hand, short-term thinking distracts us from the underlying problem. At current rates of population growth, there will be 10 billion people on the planet in about 60 years. When there are 10 billion people on the planet it won’t matter what they drive or if they’ve all committed to vegan diets. The planet will be under human assault in a battle where everyone loses. We could hit that guardrail.

Now is a Great Moment for Humankind

 skylightning 

Now is the moment when our uniquely objective perspective and our enterprising intellect are engaged in what may be the most important challenge faced by our species so far.

Other species have damaged their habitats or lost them to environmental disaster. The dinosaurs, the Saber-toothed Tiger and the Woolly Mammoth died out. Many species routinely go through periods of catastrophic population collapse and reestablished themselves in some new biological equilibrium. Lemmings spring to mind. But none of them, so far as we know, are consciously aware of the natural forces at work. They couldn’t conceptualize the fact that their own reproduction, their natural consumption and expansion, played a part in causing the pain of their population’s collapse.

Nature has lots of tools at her disposal for controlling species that cause habitat damage. Famine and disease are her most potent weapons, effective and unpleasant.

We, on the other hand, can conceptualize our effect on the environment and we might, if we wish to, avoid the suffering Nature will inflict.

And we could restore the astonishing garden into which we were born – the Earth.

I can’t think of a more inspirational goal.

 

Get off the couch: It's July!

I can’t believe how lazy kids are these days! I work part-time as a swim instructor during the summer, and this summer’s new pool fad seems to be the motorized submersible cruiser, which can be found at your local Target. It’s similar to the technology that scuba divers use; however, it’s made for little kids. This motorized swim toy, when turned on, can glide anyone 100 pounds or less through the water without any effort or, might I add, exercise. As if kicking was ever that hard for the rest of us.

The craziest thing about this toy is that parents are actually buying it for their kids going against any reports that discuss childhood obesity or ADHD in children. While it helps children get away from the T.V., this toy is just another excuse for kids to not have to do anything. You might as well just add wheels to your couch and go for a ride around the block.

Kids need to start learning more about nature and a little less about mechanical devices. The No Child Left Inside Coalition is working to advocate education for children about the natural world because with all the Nintendo Wiis, Facebook profiles, I-Pod videos and now motorized submersible cruisers, kids just don’t understand what they’re missing.

According to a study published by the American Journal of Public Health, nature reduces symptoms for children with ADHD. It is proven to give children superior attention and to improve their effectiveness. So, instead of hooking your child up to the next motorized toy, think about helping them become more in tune with nature with some suggestions from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service:

  • Take a walk in the woods
  • Lie on your back in your backyard and watch the clouds roll by
  • Turn over rocks in a stream and look for critters
  • Catch lightning bugs
  • Climb a tree
  • Fish at a local pond
  • Draw a picture of a tree and all the animals that live in it
  • Have a picnic at a local park

One thing that I used to do with my dad when I was little is skip rocks at a nearby creek. It’s fun and doesn’t require a battery.




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