HAPPY, HEALTHY HENS
(Page 2 of 6)
Pesticide treatment of the birds themselves is essential,
especially to the point that the skin is wet. Yet if the
housing is neglected, treatment won't be complete. Checking
and treating the house, feed and egg crates, cases, and
flats along with all your chicken-house clothing and boots
is of great importance. If one area is neglected, it is of
no use to treat the rest. Houses are the most affected, yet
least aggressively treated, areas.
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Dear Andrea:
We own a few Hampshire feeder pigs who have had distorted
snouts since birth. What's the cause of this?
-Jake McColly Joliet, IL
Dear Jake:
Several bacteria are commonly found in the upper air
passages of pigs. These bacteria have special
appendages that allow them to firmly attach to cells inside
the nasal cavity. Some bacteria and the toxins that they
produce irritate the nasal cells so much that the nose
tissue is severely damaged. This produces the
mild-to-severe coughing, sneezing, nose rubbing, and
obvious snout distortion for which the disease is known. At
times, black tear streaks can be seen running from the
eyes. In severe cases, the rhinitis, or nasal inflammation,
can result in pneumonia as well.
Mild occurrences of this disease—known as atrophic
rhinitis-pose minimal economic consequences to pork
producers, and often do not warrant the expense of
treatment. Severe outbreaks or recurrence of signs however,
require urgent action. To treat this disease requires
strategy. Since the disease is extremely contagious, don't
introduce any new pigs to your herd if you can help it. In
fact, when purchasing, try to buy those pigs vaccinated
against the disease or less severely affected. Injectable
and oral antibiotics in feed and water may help halt
disease progression. One of the most appropriate ways to
treat the disease, however, is to prevent it via reduced
stress. For pigs, this means in particular improved
ventilation, decreased dust, and increased hygiene via more
efficient manure removal.
Dear Andrea:
I'm a first-year vet student, specializing in large
animals, at University of California. I'm finding that
there are hundreds of causes of lameness in horses. In
fact, there have been books written in volumes on this
subject alone. One day I hope to be an expert, but, until
then, what basic things can I do to prevent and treat
lameness in my horses?
Jennifer Stuart Davis, CA
Dear Jennifer:
Living arrangements have much to do with injury. Late
summer pastures, once plush, are now filled with flies and
dried mud, cracked and hardened from the sun. Animals
turned out daily are usually not shod, and they may stomp
at flies and run awkwardly on the uneven ground, increasing
the likelihood of hoof bruises and cracks, both of which
invite bacterial infection. Uneven terrain may also bruise
soles and increase the risk of sprain, strain, and
tendinitis.
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