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The Fantastic Flight of Bats

MICHAEL DURHAM,MICHAEL DURHAM
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If you've ever watched a bat dive, swoop and swerve in the sky at dusk, you know there's no confusing it with a bird's flight ? a bat's movements are quicker and less predictable, more aerobatic.


Like birds, bats have wings that are supported by arm bones. But unlike a bird's, each bat wing also is supported by four elongated finger bones and a short thumb: a five-digit 'hand' similar to our own in basic skeletal structure. The thumbs have a little hook at the end for clinging to tree branches or cave walls. The fingers are webbed together, sandwiched between two thin layers of leathery skin that connect to the bat's body, forming a continuous airfoil. Another double membrane connects the two hind legs. Between the wings' layers of skin, there is no flesh at all, just bones, blood vessels and nerves.

Also unlike bird wings, bat wings are not rigid. The finger bones are thin, light and flexible, and the skin is extraordinarily elastic. With every flap, the wings billow and change shape, adapting to the bats' directional shifts and to varying airflows. Scientists still don't understand bat aerodynamics entirely. But one thing's certain: The bat's flexible wings give it amazing maneuverability. By folding its wings into different shapes, the bat can change direction quickly, zooming and tumbling through the air. It can roll, climb, dive, somersault and even hover like a hummingbird. When landing, a bat executes a last-second flip, so that it ends up hanging upside down, with its wings folded alongside its body.

A bat also uses its flexible wings to snag insects. Pursuing its prey one bug at a time, a bat flexes its fingers to make a scoop in its wing or tail membrane, strikes the insect, then quickly grabs the stunned morsel with its hind feet and pops it into its mouth.

To read more about these amazing creatures, check out Terry Krautwurst's story, 'Fantastic Bats,' in the October/November issue of Mother Earth News.


1 Comments

  • US Caver 3/15/2006 12:00:00 AM

    Chat with cavers about bats, caves, cave conservation and much
    more on U.S. Cavers Forum uscaversforum.com.

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