HOW TO FIND TREASURE ON YOUR HOMESTEAD

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COLOR: Sunlight turns old glass a beautiful amethyst, adding to its value. Minerals in the ground may cause rainbow coloring called opalization. This can be beautiful, but may detract from the value and is nearly impossible to remove.

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IMPERFECTIONS: Old glass often shows bubbles, crooked necks, uneven thickness of bottoms or neck edges and so on. Value increases with the number of imperfections.

RAISED LETTERING AND DESIGNS: These increase the value and the appeal of old bottles.

INSULATORS

Telephone and telegraph wires have been strung from glass insulators—to prevent current leakage—almost from the time the wires were invented (telegraph insulators date back to 1844 or 1845, and telephone insulators to 1876).

Like bottles, glass insulators come in a variety of colors and shapes. You may find them in blue, deep green, or aqua-green glass, sun-colored amethyst, white milk glass and—if you're lucky—even in carnival or cranberry glass.

The bell-shaped glasses were molded in a variety of sizes and shapes. Some have inner "skirts", while others have just the outer bell. Some feature sharp or rounded drop-points on the bottom—meant to cause moisture to drip to the ground instead of seeping inside the glass—and others have smooth bottoms.

The value of insulators—like bottles—depends on age, scarcity, color and beauty. Values range from $2 or $3 for the more common insulators to the rare types that bring $25, $35 or more.

You're not likely to find these insulators in dumps because they were usually dropped along the lines when they were replaced. In many cases, the entire wire was abandoned and the insulators are still on the old unused lines along poles or buildings.

BARBED WIRE

Joseph Glidden, an Illinois settler, first saw the need for lightweight fencing and—with his wife's help—used a farm kitchen coffee mill to fasten bits of twisted metal to a long strand of wire.

The use of barbed wire then grew rapidly and the fencing played a bloody role in the cattleman-farmer range wars which raged throughout the late 1800's. Today, the history and many variations of the fencing fascinate collectors who buy 18-inch "sticks" of the old wire.

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