Easy DIY Solar Lighting

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Two sources for used equipment are Home Power magazine (under “magazine,” click “marketplace”) and Oasis Montana. The latter also posts worksheets to calculate electrical loads, power requirements and more.

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You also could save about $20 by building your own panel mounts from scratch. And you could replace the safety disconnect unit with fuses in a simple in-line fuse block, saving perhaps $25. Don’t be tempted to omit this protective component altogether.


How Solar Power Works

Photovoltaic (PV) panels convert light energy to electrical energy. In a nutshell — keeping in mind there’s a lot more to modern PV than this — here’s what happens: PV takes advantage of the different characteristics of silicon crystals with different impurities. Pure silicon is not electrically active, because its atoms are locked into a solid crystal structure. There are no “spare” electrons running around, and no spots “seeking” electrons. But certain impurities added to silicon create crystal with a slight tendency to lose electrons, and other impurities create crystal with a slight tendency to attract electrons. When the two kinds of silicon are placed close together and exposed to sunlight, photons (particles of light) knock electrons loose on the “losing” side. These electrons travel across the junction to the “attracting” side. That’s an electrical current.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are made of similar materials and take advantage of the same physical principles, but in reverse. Powering LEDs with a PV panel is satisfyingly symmetrical: photons in, electrons out; electrons in, photons out.


Associate Editor Charles Higginson has not had this much fun since he rebuilt the manual transmission of an old Volvo station wagon.
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Comments

  • Charles Higginson 8/6/2008 4:41:07 PM

    Hi, Jami. I appreciate your concern, but you've been misinformed. Although it is necessary to clean up a broken CFL carefully, it is NOT necessary to leave the house, seal off the room, or hire a hazmat team.

    Articles posted on Wikipedia
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_fluorescent_lamp

    and Snopes, the rumor debunker http://www.snopes.com/medical/toxins/cfl.asp

    explain the true situation in more detail than ought to be posted here. The bottom line is, if your electricity comes from coal (about half of U.S. electricity does), using a CFL will result in less mercury released into the environment than using the equivalent four or five incandescent bulbs.

    Little in life is perfect, and I don't know of any free lunches, but as CFLs continue to improve and fall in price they represent a genuine advance.

  • Jami 8/1/2008 3:42:37 PM

    The compact fluorescent light bulbs are a toxic nightmare! They contain mercury, and if broken you are to leave the building with your kids and pets until you can pay a HAZMAT Team to come and safely clean up the toxic dust - Oy!

    The energy saved is not worth the possible exposure to the heavy metals!!!!!!!!

  • Jay Draiman 1/17/2008 10:10:15 AM

    ERV Energy Recovery Ventilation Systems Reduce Long Term Costs and
    Improve Indoor Air Quality Is the indoor air your breathe is as
    fresh and healthy as it can be? As building science professionals
    have known for some time, an effective ventilation strategy is an
    absolute requirement for all homes. Mechanical ventilators exchange
    air inside the home with fresh air from the outside. This helps to
    reduce indoor pollution levels, and greatly increases the comfort
    level inside the home. Many ventilation designs are including
    Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERVs) to improve the system
    efficiency. Besides providing controlled ventilation, ERVs are able
    to filter, humidify, dehumidify, heat, or cool the incoming fresh
    air. The most popular design of ERVs utilizes a desiccant wheel to
    remove both heat and a significant amount of moisture from the
    incoming air, which reduces the load on the air-conditioning
    system. But while ventilators and ERVs can add tremendously to the
    comfort and efficiency of a home, they must be installed correctly.
    One of the more recent developments in the ‘green’ technology
    industry is the creation of environmentally-friendly buildings that
    use energy-efficient technologies to reduce power consumption.
    Energy consultants point out that creating ‘green’ buildings and
    improving the air quality inside such facilities utilizing ERV can
    and do go hand-in-hand. ERV Systems that reduce demand for energy
    while improving ventilation are increasingly in demand. ERV –
    Energy Recovery Ventilation systems saves energy, increases indoor
    air quality, reduces contaminates and odors. The use of ERV
    technology “energy recovery ventilation systems,” or ERVs. Such
    systems are designed to reduce energy consumption and improve
    indoor air quality (IAQ) by capturing and recycling building energy
    to humidify, pre-cool or dehumidify incoming air. ERVs, the
    research first said, are most popular in areas with more extreme
    outdoor temperatures, like N

  • Bernie 6/23/2007 11:35:36 AM

    TO really make good use of solar power it seems to me that the set
    must comprise batteries and an inverter to avoid having two wiring
    systems. However, where the power company does not cater for a grid
    tie, is it still possible to use something that ensures power is
    drawn from the batteries or a combination of batteries and grid
    power where the load exceeds what the batteries and inverter can
    deliver) ?

  • harley hollis 5/13/2007 11:03:35 PM

    Please, can i get info on your 50W system, where to buy.
    Mother Responds: to learn more about the thin-film laminate
    systems, go to
    www.dcpower-systems.com

  • skruzich 4/3/2007 6:55:46 AM

    Hi, Your solar panel setup is way too high there. 700 bucks would
    put in a PV setup like mine with two 50W PV panels as well as a
    inverter and Led lights, florescent lighting, 2 batteries. total
    cost was 723.00 I use them for my lights, dsl line, and computer
    and phone. I a totally off grid on it.

  • Jay Draiman 3/29/2007 7:33:35 AM

    MANDATORY RENEWABLE ENERGY – THE ENERGY EVOLUTION –R13 In order to
    insure energy and economic independence as well as better economic
    growth without being blackmailed by foreign countries, our country,
    the United States of America’s Utilization of Energy Sources must
    change. "Energy drives our entire economy.” We must protect it.
    "Let's face it, without energy the whole economy and economic
    society we have set up would come to a halt. So you want to have
    control over such an important resource that you need for your
    society and your economy." The American way of life is not
    negotiable. Our continued dependence on fossil fuels could and will
    lead to catastrophic consequences. The federal, state and local
    government should implement a mandatory renewable energy
    installation program for residential and commercial property on new
    construction and remodeling projects with the use of energy
    efficient material, mechanical systems, appliances, lighting,
    retrofits etc. The source of energy must be by renewable energy
    such as Solar-Photovoltaic, Geothermal, Wind, Biofuels,
    Ocean-Tidal, Hydrogen-Fuel Cell etc. This includes the utilizing of
    water from lakes, rivers and oceans to circulate in cooling towers
    to produce air conditioning and the utilization of proper
    landscaping to reduce energy consumption. (Sales tax on renewable
    energy products and energy efficiency should be reduced or
    eliminated) The implementation of mandatory renewable energy could
    be done on a gradual scale over the next 10 years. At the end of
    the 10 year period all construction and energy use in the
    structures throughout the United States must be 100% powered by
    renewable energy. (This can be done by amending building code) In
    addition, the governments must impose laws, rules and regulations
    whereby the utility companies must comply with a fair “NET
    METERING” (the buying of excess generation from the consumer at
    market price), including the promotion of re

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